However in July 2018 it reversed its position and instructed local authorities to halt all new shared space projects, with Transport Minister Nusrat Ghani stating they "just don't work" for blind and partially-sighted people. The UK's Department for Transport issued national guidance on shared space in 2011. Monderman has stated that objections are more a matter of communication than design, stressing the importance of consulting all relevant groups during the design stage. Such schemes are claimed to have had positive effect on road safety, traffic volume, economic vitality, and community cohesion where a user's behaviour becomes influenced and controlled by natural human interactions rather than by artificial regulation. You automatically reduce your speed, you have contact with other people and you take greater care."
A reason for the apparent paradox that reduced regulation leads to safer roads may be found by studying the risk compensation effect. Hans Monderman suggested that an individual's behaviour in traffic is more positively affected by the built environment of the public space than by conventional traffic control devices and regulations. Shared space is a "design approach rather than a design type characterised by standard features". The goal of shared space is to improve the road safety and vibrancy of roads and junctions, particularly ones with high levels of pedestrian traffic, by encouraging negotiation of priority in shared areas between different road users. Piazza Martiri della Libertà, a shared space-roundabout in Volterra, Italy They suggest that the term "shared space" should be replaced by three new labels: pedestrian prioritised streets, informal streets and enhanced streets. The Chartered Institution of Highways and Transportation has identified three broad types of street design approach that have been called shared space but which have a number of important differences. In 2014, a review of the evolution of the shared space concepts was offered in Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. The European Shared Space project (part of the Interreg IIIB-North Sea programme) developed new policies and methods for the design of public spaces with streets between 20 under the leadership of Hans Monderman until his death in 2008. The term has been widely applied, especially by Ben Hamilton-Baillie, since the preparation of a European co-operation project in 2003. The term was used by Tim Pharoah to describe informal street layouts with no traffic demarcation (for example "Traffic Calming Guidelines", Devon County Council, 1991). Prior to the adoption of the term, street design projects carried out in Chambéry, France, by Michel Deronzier from the 1980s used the term "pedestrian priority". The origin of the term is generally linked with the work of Dutch traffic engineer Hans Monderman, who pioneered the method in the Dutch province of Friesland. Shared space is often opposed by organisations representing the interests of blind, partially sighted, and deaf people, who usually express a preference for the clear separation of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. As a separate concept, "shared space" normally applies to semi-open spaces on busier roads, and here it is controversial. Variations of shared space are often used in urban settings, especially those that have been made nearly car-free ("autoluwe"), and as part of living streets within residential areas. Shared space design can take many different forms depending on the level of demarcation and segregation between different transportation modes.
#Shared space roads drivers#
Hans Monderman and others have suggested that, by creating a greater sense of uncertainty and making it unclear who has priority, drivers will reduce their speed, in turn reducing the dominance of vehicles, reducing road casualty rates, and improving safety for other road users. This is done by removing features such as kerbs, road surface markings, traffic signs, and traffic lights. Shared space is an urban design approach that minimises the segregation between modes of road user. A shared space scheme in New Road, Brighton, United Kingdom
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